ISAP
International Society for Anti-Infective Pharmacology (Founded in 1991)
Past activities and History 

History of the Society

Past meetings

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Last update: October 12, 1997 

History

The Society was created officially in 1991, but found its roots in informal and formal meetings among attendees of ICAAC and other major Conferences deraling with Chemotherapy around the years 1986-1989. An historical landmark in this venture was a meeting held in Stockholm, Sweden, in June 1989, organized by W.A.. Craig (Madison, WI) and Otto Cars (Upssala, Sweden) where several of the future founding members discussed the importance of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics for the apropriate, and possibly improved use of antibiotics.
 
The 1989 Stockholm meeting which eventually led to the creation of ISAP. First row: G.L. Drusano (Albany, NY; present council member), ..., P.M. Tulkens (Brussels, Belgium; present President-elect); second row: J.J. Schentag (Buffalo, NY; present council member), O. Cars (Upsala, Sweden; Past-president [1994-1996], R. Norrby (Lund, Sweden), W.A. Craig (Madison, WI; Founding President [1991-1994] and present council member).
While various names were considered for the scientific group to become a Scientific Society (such as AIDA, which stood for 'Association for the Improvement of the Dosing of Anti-infectives, or OTHELLO, which was for 'Organization for Terminating and Eliminating all Little Living Organisms', all denominations obviously denoting the interest of the Fouding Members for the Opera in addition to pharmacodynamics), a decision for International Society for Anti-infective Pharmacology (ISAP), to stress upon the importance of Pharmacology as the basic science on which our activities needed to rely, was eventually reached at a meeting held in Atlanta, GA in the fall 1990.

The Society was officialy created in July 1991 in Berlin, Germany, after having organized its first scientific meeting as an official symposium of the 1991 ICC (Interscience Conference on Chemotherapy).

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Past Meetings
 

  1. The Berlin symposium 1991
  2. The Stockholm symposium, 1993 (an official symposium of the 18th ICC)
  3. The Quebec meeting, 1995 (a satellite symposium of the 19th ICC)
  4. The Toronto Interactive Symposium 1997 (an official symposium of the 37th ICAAC)
  5. The Toronto Meeting 1997 (a post-ICAAC meeting)
  6. The Hamburg Meeting 1998 (in conjunction with the Paul Ehrlich Gesellshaft and a satellite symposium of the 2d ECC)
Other past meetings wil be added soon. Please, call again...

The Berlin symposium (June 27th, 1991, Berlin, Germany)

(a symposium organized after the 17th International Congress of Chemotherapy)
 
Berlin, Germany, 1991...
    This symposium inaugurated the scientific activities of ISAP.
    (Under construction, please call again)

The Stockholm Symposium (June 30th, 1995, Stockholm, Sweden)

Selecting the Dosage Regimen of Anti-Infective Drugs - Intercation between Academia, Industry and Regulatory Authorities

(an official symposium of the 18th International Congress of Chemotherapy, made in co-operation with ISAP)
 

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During this symposium, a first exchange was established to promote the concepts of pharmacodynamics and pharmacology of anti-infective drugs in the realy evaluation or re-evaluation of anti-infective drugs. The following 4 lectures were delivered by members of the Industry, Academia, Health Services, and Public Health Authorities.
  • Choosing doasge regimens for clinical trials (C.W. Norden, American Cyanamid Co., Pearl River, NY, USA) [Industry]
  • Pharmacodynamics and toxicities of aminoglycosides and the devlopment of the once-daily regimen concept (P.M. Tulkens, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium) [Academia]
  • Therapy of systemic fungal infections by azole antifungals. Difficulties in establishing adequate dosage regimens (W. Christ, Intit. für Arzneimittel des Bundesgesundheisamtes, Berlin, Germany) [Public Health Authorities]
  • Speeding the devlopment of antiviral agents through integration of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic properties (M.N. Dudley, Roger William Medical Ctr, Providence, RI, USA) [Health Services]

The Quebec meeting (July 21-23, 1995, Québec City, Québec, Canada)

Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials
(an official satellite meeting of the 19th International Congress of Chemotherapy, Montreal, Québec, Canada)
 
Quebec City, Québec, Canada
 During this first full-scale meeting of the society (with an attendance of approx. 200), the following topics were covered during the plenary sessions:  
  • Use of in vitro and animal models to quantify pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic parameters predisctive of effeicacy in humans (A.A. Craig, USA)
  • The relevance of serum versus tissue concentrations for antibiotic pharmacodynamics (O. Cars, Sweden)
  • Pharmacodynamics of quinolones (H. Lode, Germany)
  • Pharmacodynamics of aminoglycosides (Ch. Nightingale, USA)
  • Pharmacodynamics of beta-lactame antibiotics (J. Turnidge, Australia)
  • Pharmacodynamics of macrolides, azalides and streptogramins (extracellular organisms) (C. Carbon, France)
  • Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials against intra-cellular pathogens (P.M. Tulkens, Belgium)
  • Pharmacodynamics of glycopeptides and lipopetides: lessons to be learned from daptomycin (M. Zeckel, USA)
  • Pharmacodynamics considerations in susceptibility guidelines (R. Jones, USA)
  • Pharmacodynamics of antivirals (G. Drusano, USA)
  • New approaches in the study of antiviral pharmacodynamics (M. Dudley, USA)
  • Modelling the effects of single and combination antibiotic regimens in vitro, in normal volunteers, and in patients (J.J. Schentag, USA)
  • Optimal dosing regimens and pharmacoeconomics

    • In addition, 30 posters were presented and discussed.

The Toronto Interactive Symposium (September 30th, 1997)

Pharmacologic Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance
(an official symposium of the 1997 ICAAC, co-organized by ISAP)
 
ICCAC 97, Toronto....
     
  • Mathematical Models for Describing Drug Resistance (A. Perlson, Los Alamos, NM)
  • Antiviral Therapy of HIV and Cytomegalovirus (G.L. Drusano, Albany, NY)
  • Arithmetic of Beta-lactamase Resistance: Predictable or Not ? (D.M. Livermore, London, UK)
  • Fuoroquinolones: To Peak or Not To Peak ? (M.N. Dudley, Mountain View, CA)
  • Can Antibiotics Use and Dosage Patterns Really Overcome Resistance ? (W.A. Craig, Madison, WI)

    • This symposium was the first to be organized entirely in an interactive fashion. Topics were first covered briefly by the speaker to set up the frame of the discussion. The talks were then systematically constructed in a way that alllowed listeners to express their views or to obtain pols of opinions through the use of hand-held electronic keypads.

The Toronto Meeting (October 1-2, 1997, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Pharmacodynamics of New Investigational Anti-Infectives and Pharmacodynamics of Immune Based Therapies
(a post-ICAAC meeting)
 
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
 The Toronto meeting was the second full-scale meeting of the society. The following topics were covered: 
  • Fluoroquinolones (J.J. Schentag, USA)
  • Ketolides (A. Bryskier, France)
  • Streptogramins (M. Doer, USA)
  • Glycopeptides (M. Zeckel, USA)
  • Oxazolidinones (W.A. Craig, USA)
  • Everninomicins (W.A. Craig, USA)
  • Carbapenems (I. Odenholt, Sweden)
  • Interleukins 2, 4, 11 & 12 (A. Forrest, USA)
  • Colony Stimulating Factors (G. Lieschke, Australia)
  • Tumor Necrosis factor/Soluble Receptors (M. Mody, USA)
  • Recent Interferon Formulations (R. Xu, USA)
  • Antifungals (azoles) (G. Miller, USA)
  • Antifungals (others than azoles) (T. Walsh, USA)
  • Antivirals (HIV) (G. Drusano, USA)
  • Antivirals (Herpes) (G. Drusano, USA)

    • In addition, 20 posters were presented and discussed.

The Hamburg meeting (Hamburg, Germany, May 10th, 1998)

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions: concepts, controversies and challenges

a meeting held in co-operation with the Paul Ehrlich Gesellschaft of Germany and as an official satellite symposium of the 2d European Congress of Chemotherapy


 

 

 
 

 

 
 
 
 
  • Pharmacodynamic concepts and their definitions (Inga Odenholt, Sweden)
  • Which antibiotic concentrations should be used to determine pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships for efficacy ? (Otto Cars, Sweden)
  • Standardization of pharmacokinetic comparisons between drugs (Fritz Sörgel, Germany)
  • Can pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic in vitro modelling help us to define optimal dosing regimens ? (Johan Mouton, The Netherlands)
  • The use of in vitro models to predict emergence of resistance (Jürg Bläser, Switzerland)
  • The use of animal models to define breakpoints for susceptibility (William Craig, U.S.A.)
  • Can we define breakpoints for intracellular infections? (Paul M. Tulkens, Belgium)
  • Population pharmacokinetics. What is it? How should we use it? (Sander Vinks, The Netherlands)
  • Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interactions: Tools for improvment of clinical trials and design of clinical trials (George Drusano, (U.S.A.)
  • The role of antibiotic pharmacodynamics in drug development: regulatory aspects (Bo Aronsson, (U.K.)
  • PANEL DISCUSSION: Pharmacodynamics of antibiotics - consequences for dosing. (Niels Frimott-Möller, convenor, Denmark)
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last update: June 18,  1998

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